Steam-generator.



J. G. PARKER.

, STEAM GENERATOR. I APPLIOATION FILED DBO. 20.1906.

Patented Nov. 30, 1909.

9&1A62.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. 0. PARKER. STEAM GENERATOR. APPLICATION FILED DBO. 20,1906.

941,462. Pateilted Nbv.30,1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. c. PARKER, STEAM GENERATOR. APPLICATION FILED DBO. 20,1906.

Patented Nov. 30, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE.

i JOHN STEAM GE ER to-incre'asethe' efficiency of tubular boilers,

I a frd header s", in. directions through. the tubes opposed to thecourses of heatin '15 and td this; end its leading characteristicsreside infme'an's whereby water is caused to floWin-a complete circuitthrough. thetubes 4 v I gases actlngthereon, and the steam evolve is carried to a receptacle removed from the point ofz'ebullition in anauxiliary circuit con nected with the first circuit so that waterentrainedwith the steamis carried back to" andfiews' with the currentthrough the tubes, the au xiliary circuit having means for preventingreverse flow and preferably a further receptacle forf'collecting waterfrom the steam'receptacle. p V

Thefinvention is further characterized by circulating feed water ina'ndop osite to the; course of the {heating gases a ter they have acted'onthe water in the generator throughout its'circuit and" then deliveringsuch eed water to the generating circuit, preferably by theauxiliary'circuit.

The invention is further characterized bya super-heater subject tosubstantially the same temperature asthe part of the generator receivingthe rimary action of the heating gases, a con uit with a water separat'or' connecting the steam chamber with the fsup'erheater' and aconduit-witha dry steam reservoir receiving the steam fromthesep'aratorr v The invention also involves-an arrangementof battlesand passes for handling the heating gases \so that. theirlenergy will;be

' exerted upon the circula'tmgis'ystem s to pro-.

duce the stated eirculation and heating action. I k t The foregoingcharacteristics, 1. with special features involved therewith, "are,embodied in the construction disclosed by the. followingdescripti'on andthe accompanying drawings inillustration thereof, of which-"+- Figure 1is: a vertical sectional view. of a simple form'ljof the generator;Figs. 2 and-3 are diagrammatic representations of circuitscharacteristic" of the prior art, and Figs.. 4, and 6 are diagrammat crepresentations Specification of Letters Patent.

C. PARKER, OF PHlILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

*Tatefiea Nov. so, 1909.

Applicationii letl a e ts 20'," a. V no; 34852;] p

i of circuitscharacteristic of my invention;

ITig. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a generato having a feedwaterheater and superheater; Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the topof the upper header in'its preferred form; Fig. 7 is a sectional view ofa .junction box and check valve; Fig. 8 is a top plan view of theconstruction shown in Fig. 7; Fig. 9 is a plan view of the feed watercoils, and Fig. 10 is a dia ammatic representation of the generator, eedwater and superheater circuits.

'As shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, in

clined water tubes- 1 have their respective ends connected by headers. 2and 3. The upper header 2 has its top connected by tubes l with thesteam chamber or drum 5 and the bottom of the drum is connected by watertubes 6 with the top of the lower header 3. A plate 7, in the top of theheader 2, baflles the ebullient water and requires the steam to escapethrough the narrow pass 8 .with

separation of water therefrom; and ..a :plate 9 directs the steamejected from the tubes 4 into the drum, to prevent spraying and separatewater fromthe steam. Gravity actuated check valves 10 are connected withthe ends of restricted tubes '6 (projecting into the drum 5) so as toprevent reverse flow therethrough.

The forward and higher ends of the tubes have thereunder the primarycombustion chamber 11, which contains the grate 12 located betweenthefront wall 13 and the bridge wall 14. To provide a reverberatory actiontherein, the chamber has the battle 15 extending vrearwardly from thefront wall and the baflle, 16 extending forwardly from the bridge wall.From the chamber 11 the products of combustion pass into the cham' 1 her11' (for completing combustion) directly beneath the upper part of thelower tubes 1, which are thus subjected to the primary action of theheating gases. The lower part of the front header is protected baffle 20extends from the rear header above by. the covering 17 the baflle 18extends v therefrom between the tubes 1 toward the rear header toprovide the pass 19, and the the tube -bank toward the header 2 toprovide the "pass 21, the latter communicating at its lower end-with thelower end of the pass 19 ,and discharging at it si upper end into thepass 22,which; i of1'ta1ns the tubes 4, 5and-tubes t ig! *heilower. pass19 is preferably larger. entains alarger:

bolt, the plate 7 number of tubes than thev upper pass 21, correspondingto the higher energy of the heatthe bulk of the steam generated has buta short upward travel. to escape from the tubes, with the minimumfrictional resistance. 'This arrangement induces a flow of the watercontained in the generator upwardly through the tubes in the lower passand the' upper header and downwardly through the tubes in the upper passand the lower header, the headers and upper course having such crosssectional relation to the lower course as to secure the minimumfrictional resistance throughout the circuit. The steam separates fromthe water in the upper header, escapes around the battle 7 and flows bythe tubes 4 into the drum 5, while water collected in the drum fallsthrough the restricted tubes 6 and the header 3 and flows upwardly withthe current through the lower tubes 1. The courses of the, circulatingwater are represented, in Fig. 4,. by the circuit 23, and the courses ofthe steam and the water separated therefromare represented by theauxiliary cir-. cuit 24 cortaining the steam and water chamber 5.

As shown in Fig. 5, the main circuit 23 may have-the water returnedthereto from the chamber 5 by the course represented by the dotted linein the circuit 24 As shown in Fig. 6, the circuit 24, auxiliary to thecircuit 23, may have therein the steam chamber 5 and the water chamber 5with the check valve 10 for preventing reverse fiow from the latter tothe former.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 7 to 10 inclusive, the tubes 1are connected at their respective ends by headers 2 and 3, which havetheir upper ends connectedby tubes 4 and 6 with the respective drums 5and 5 the latter being connected with the former by a duct 6 controlledby a check valve 10 In the top of the header 2 is a batlle 7 restrictingthe passage, the baffle consisting of the plates 7" and 7 supported bythe stay bolt 7, the plate 7 having its inner edge engaged by the clip 7fixed to the plate 7 and its outeredge turned down and supported by thehook 7 depending from the stay being removed readily to give access tothe tube 4".

The primary combustion chamber 11 has the inclined grate 12 extendingbetween the front wall 13 and the rear wall 14, the fuel being chargedby the hopper 12 at the -upper end of the grate and the ashes dischargedby the door 12 at the lower end. The balfiies 15 and 16 direct theproducts of combustion into the chamber ll below the upper ends of thelower tubes 1, whence tubes in the pass 21 and they are directed by thebafiies 18 and 20 through the passes 19" and 21 into the pass 22.

Feed water coils, comprising the tubes 25 connected by the junctionboxes 26, are joined at their corresponding ends by the headers 27 and28 and su ported by the beams 29 in the pass 22*, tie tubes 25 extendingtransversely t0 the tubes 1". The upper header 28 is connected by theconduit 30 to the drum 5, to which water is delivered from the coils;the latter being supplied by the pipe 33- connected with the lowerheader 27. A conduit 35, having a check valve 36 therein, leads from thebottom of the drum 5" to the top of the header 27, the valve beingclosable or permitted to open to a desired degree by the stem 36. A blowoff pipe 37 leads from the bottom of the header 27.

The drums 5 and 5 are connected by a pipe 38, with a valve39 therein,which acts as a by-pass, and the drum 5 has a conduit 40 connectedtherewith which leads to the box 41. I

The box 41 connects the lower ends of the bent superheater tubes 42,which. are disposed in the combustion chamber 1.1 and have their upperends connected by the box 43, and a conduit 44 connects the box 43 witha dry steam drum 45. The bottom of the drum 45 has connected therewitha. conduit 46 which leads to the drum 5 and has a check valve 47 toprevent reverse flow.

A flooding pipe 42 controlled by the valve 42 connects the header 2 withthe box 41.

-The drum 5 is provided with a safety valve 48 and the drum 45 isprovided with a safety valve 49' set to blow before the valve 48.

The heating gases acting primarily upon the upper ends of the lowertubes 1, the water and the steam generated rise in the header 2 andseparate in the top thereof, the water flowing downward through theupward through the tubes in the pass 19*, by courses opposite to thoseof the heating gases. The steam flows through the tubes 4 into' thesteam drum 5*, as previously described, and water collected in the steamdrum flows into the drum 5*, thence by the restricted tube 6 into theheader 3*, and thence upwardly through the lower tubes 1. The feed watercoils also circulate the water (which is introduced thereto by the ,pipe33 through the header 27 and under 'occasional conditions by theconduit'35) upwardly in the direction opposite to that of the heatinggases in contact therewith. The steam which collects in the drum 5 flowsby the conduit 40 to the box 41, thence through the tubes 42 into thebox 43 and thence by the conduit 44 to the drum 45, any water de-"eagle:

' mg passed to=the drum 5 by the passage 46;

* The-several" circuits are indicatediby ig.

'10: wherein the courses 50 represent the main 5 generating circuit,thecourses 5l represent the auxiliary circuit of the steam evolved fromthe generating 'circu-itand. water separated therefrom, the'courses52Yrepresent the feed water circuit, and the cours'es"53 represent thesuperheater circuit, the dotted line 54 representing the course by whichwater is admitted tothe superheater circuit.

The superheater'tubes42, disposed so as to receive the rimary action ofthe'heating gases, .are made of small caliber and comparatively short sothat the steam flowing therethrough shall have the high velocity and thehigh frictionper ;uni't of=surface requisite for absorbing the highdegree of heat to which they aresubjected, whereby a veryhigh-superheating efiiciency is obtained with minimum total frictionalloss. The

superheater and lower generating tubes be-' ing subject to substantiallythe same pri: mary action of the flame, and their construction being.designed to maintain a .constant ratio between the generating andsuperheating efiiciencies, their efliciencies will varv together withchanges in the heating action.

The action oi the heating gases upon the superheater andgenerator ismodified by the baffles 15* and 16 which absorb heat when the furnacetempera ture runs high and give itup when the temperature runs 10w,being proportioned to provide heat stoga e capacities such that theratio of the e ciencies of the surfaces shall not be disturbed.: Thedrum 45 provides a reservoir for storing the dry steam from thesuperheater, steadyin'gthe flow through the superheater, steadying thetemperature and sepa rating the water deposited from steam when startingor standing with banked fires. It is to be observed that theseimprovements bring the point of equalization to the stam andwatercollecting mechanism so thatwhen steam is drawn the circulation inthe generator is not retarded, broken or reversed at any point, as inthe usual constructions. It is also to be observed that the use of thewater drum 5, with steam in the top thereof, and the restricted tubes 6provide elastic action which supports the flow and steadies the efl'ectof withdrawing steam or subjecting the generator to irregularconditions.

Having described my-invention, I claim 1. A steam'generato'r having awater circuit, and a second circuit connected with said first circuit,said second circuit having the flow of water therethi'ough restrictedand a chamber therein to which steam is car- -ried from said firstcircuit and from which water is carried back to'said firstcireuit.

2. A jsteam generator having a :water circuit comprising a bank ofinclined. tubes with headers vconnectingthe r respective ends fand I arestricted auxil ary circuit. connected therewith, in combination; with:means for applying the primary action of the heating gases to. theupper ends of the. lower tubes, means for directing @said heating gasesrfrom the upper ends downwardly along said'lowertubes, and means fordirecting said heating gases from the lower ends of the lower tubesupwardly along the upper tubes.

3. A steam generator having a water circuit comprising a bank ofinclined tubes with headers, a restricted steam and water circuitcomprising a chamber connected with said headers, and bafiling fordirectingthe heating gases downwardly along the lower tubes and upwardlyalong the upper tubes, said bafiling forming passes of which the loweris larger than the-upper. I

4. A steam generator having a water Oil? cuit comprising a bank ofinclined. tubes with headers connecting their respectiveendsjn'combination with a steam and water circuit comprising a drum, apassage leading from the upfer header to said drum, a passage leadingrom said drum to the lower 7 header and an automatic valve forpreventing reverse flow from said last named passage through said drum.1.

5. A steam. generator having a main circuit comprising a bank ofinclined. tubes, and headers respectively connecting corresponding endsof said tubes, in combination with an auxiliarycircuit comprising a pairof communicating. chambers, means for pre venting" reverse flow from thelower tothe upper chamber, a passage connecting the upper header-withtheupper chamber and a passage connecting the lower chamber with thelower header.

water containing mechanism, apassage for conveying steam from said tubesto said contwining mechanism, the flow'of water to said containing.mechanism being restricted, a passagefgr conveying ,water from said containing mechanism to said tubes, between said passages a set of feedwater tubes disposed transversely to and above said generating tubes,and means for carrying the heating gases over said tubes in directions 0posite to the respective directions of flow in both the generating andfeed water tubes.

7. A steam generator'comprising a bank or inclined steam generatingtubes with hea ders connecting respectively corresponding tube ends, asteam and water containing mechanism, a passage leading from the upperheader to said steam and water containing mechanism, a passage leadingfrom said steam and water containing mechanism to" the lower header,feed water tubes above said 6,. A steamgenerator comprising a set ofinclined steam generating tubes,- a steam and generating tubes, andmeans for connecting .said feed water tubes with the circulating a setof-feed water tubes, and a header connecting the inlets to said feedwater tubes and said collecting mechanism.

10. A steam generator comprising a set of generating tu-bes,compartments for collecting steam and water, a valved passage connectingsaid compartments, passages respectively connecting opposite ends'ofsaid tubes with the respective compartments, a set of super-heatingtubes, a passage connect ing one of said compartments with saidsuper-heating tubes, a third compartment, and a passage connecting saidsuperheating tubes with said third compartment.

11. A steam generator inclined etubes, a compartment, a passageconnecting the higher ends of said tubes with said compartment, a secondcompartment, a passage connecting said first and second compartments, avalve for prevent- .ing reverse flow from said second to said firstcompartment through said passage last named, a passage connecting thesecond of said compartments with the lower ends of said tubes, a valvefor preventing reverse flow from said tubes to said second compartmentthrough said last named passage, a set of superheating tubes, a passageconnecting said first named compartment with said superheating tubes, athird compartment, a passage connecting said superheating tubes withsaid third compartment, a passage connecting said third compartment withsaid first compartment, and a valve for preventing reverse flow fromsaid first comprising a set ofcompartment to said third compartmentthrough said passage last named.

12. A steam generator having a circuit comprising a set of steamgenerating tubes, a header connecting said tubes, and an auxiliarycircuit comprising a steam collectin chamber connected with the top ofsaid header, said header having separatin means in the top thereof andthe flow 0 water through said auxiliary circuit being restricted. 1

13. A steam generator comprising a header, a steam collecting chamber, apassage leading from the top of said header to said chamber, and aseparating device disposed in the topof said header, said devicecomprising a fixed plate and a detachable plate connected to said fixedplate in front of said passage.

14. A steam generator having connected in circuit a set of feed waterheating tubes, steam and water collecting mechanism above said feedwater tubes, steam generating tubes below said feed water tubes, andsteam superheating tubes below said generating tubes, in combinationwith a furnace having means for passing the gaseous products ofcombustion therefrom in contact with said superheating tubes, saidgenerating tubes,

said feed water tubes, and said steam and water collecting mechanism,superheater tubes and generator tubes aforesaid being disposed toreceive the primary action of the heating gases.

15. A steam generator having connected in circuit means comprising feedwater heating tubes, steam generating tubes and steam superheatingtubes, in combination with a furnace having means for passing thegaseous products of combustlon into contact with said tubes, snperheatertubes and generator tubes aforesaid being disposed to receive theprimary action of the heating gases.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my name this 15th day ofDecember, 1906, in the presence of the subscribing witnesses.

JOHN C. PARKER.

\Vitnesses:

Roman'r JAMES EARLEY, JAS. G. DENNY,-JI'.

